So the Supreme Court, in a 6-3 opinion, tossed out the Eviction Ban in language that is pretty absolute. The CDC does not have the authority to ban evictions, and absent specific Legislation that is highly unlikely to change.
The biggest potential implication of this is with lawsuits against the CDC/federal government alleging that the Eviction Ban was an illegal taking and that the Feds owe the landlords all the unpaid rent, plus interest, plus penalties. If the ban was legal, the takings claims would still have legs but about the best the landlords could hope for is getting the rent owed to them and even that has issues. With the ban being illegal, the feds liability skyrockets.
Also note that with this SCOTUS opinion, every lower court (including state courts) is required to accept that the CDC issued Eviction Ban was flatly illegal from day one. This is now a settled question of law with SCOTUS being both quite explicit and leaving very little wiggle room. So Happy Fun Time Lawsuits if you are a landlord.