So far it seems the only argument brought forth to discount women from serving in the military is that they are more prone to joint injuries then males in a broad sense and that it "cripples our most patriotic women" and then this effect is compared to allowing the "terminally ill, crippled and mentally insane" to serve. I'm assuming that with those three categories the amount of individuals who cannot serve in the military or if allowed to, their washout rate would be close to 100%. I haven't seen any evidence that the washout rate for Women in general coming close to 100% and so the comparison between the two groups seems dishonest at best.
Also I haven't seen any evidence of women being "an order of magnitude" (thus I'm assuming a multiple of ten?) more likely to be crippled in military service then men. And even if that was true, I would be interested in seeing the overall percentages of women "crippled" by military service and if it's still some remarkably small number (and I doubt it's something approaching 100% like with the three categories it was compared to) then I still don't see it as a good reason to disqualify half of our "most patriotic" population from military service and all of the talent and skill and service that they can provide to the US military.
In regards to voting rights, while I know it isn't mentioned in the Bill of Rights, Voting Rights have basically been a de facto (I don't know fancy latin or legalese terms or whatever) right for about two hundred years with White people who weren't elite debt free property owner. By
1856 Universal Suffrage for White Males in America was pretty much set in place though there were regressions in the late 1800's. Plus we've had about five amendments to the
Constitution which enshrine Voting Rights for Women, Ethnic Minorities, people between the age of 18-21, and paying poll taxes. Voting rights were also enshrined in the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. So that's six Amendments in the Constitution that help establish that basis of the right to Vote in America. And you can add onto that the landmark
Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Supreme Court cases that helped further define those rights to vote.