I mean it would be the core of the Muslim world if it retains Mecca. So not really a stretch especially once that oil money rolls in and the Berlin-Baghdad RR is operating. It would get pretty wealthy in time provided Germany didn't screw them over with financial deals.
They might not, but if they did it would be for the same reason the US did to the UK during and after WW2: greed. Some times taking advantage of an ally can be very profitable.
Right. Of course an oil rich Ottoman Empire surviving until Hebdo existed would probably be progressive enough not to really care.
Tens of millions over decades yes given that that labor was desired. Not sure if they would be given citizenship or what. Depends on the market. Migrant/slave labor (of the modern Gulf State variety) would probably be common in certain part of the empire.
I could see Azeris migrating to a surviving Ottoman Empire in the event that a worse situation breaks out in Russia. Heck, Central Asian Turkic peoples could also be able to migrate there if their homelands are unstable.
From the region that became Pakistan and OTL Bangladesh, as well as the Hyderabad region of India, possibly.
Yes. The entire point of US help was to utterly subordinate Britain and really Europe as a whole to the global system the US wanted to create. There are a bunch of pretty good books on the subject, but the book "Super Imperialism" by Michael Hudson fits it into the wider narrative about what US policy actually has been in terms of setting up a global order that they are in charge of. I'd really recommend a specific interview with him that mentions it:
Probably not, but then progressives usually don't get real power to change that. I mean how much have progressives really improved conditions for illegal immigrants to the US?
Well, US progressives don't want to actually improve conditions for migrants. If they actually did that their voters would move up into the economic bracket that worries more about taxes than handouts and vote them out of office. They're already from Catholic countries and more likely to side with the Republicans on social issues.
The initial Young Turk revolt was seen as fairly moderate, especially since it deposed an absolutist Sultan. However it became dominated by hard line ultra-nationalists such as the three Pasha, as the wiki entry for them mentions.
You would need to see the CUP defeated and the more liberal elements come out on top. That could avoid a lot of the latter massacres as well as the Turkish entry into WWI.
Basically the empire has to decide what it is, rather like the Hapsburg empire. Is it a Turkish dominated state as it was historically? In which case how does it hold down the majority of non-Turks? If it becomes more liberal how easily with the Turks accept that demotion.
Similarly is it a secular or a religious state? If there remains a Sultan who also claims to be the Caliph then it will have a clear religious/Islamic theme. If it doesn't then the majority of the population that is Muslim needs to accept rights for the substantial non-Muslims inside the empire. Or get away, as the Young Turks did historically with massive ethnic cleansing.
Those economic reasons are contingent on them remaining poor.
Just because you're a virulent racist doesn't mean either that IQ purely measures native intelligence rather than education or that intelligence variation is driven by genetics rather than dietary or otherwise related to upbringing.
Lead in inner cities really negatively impacts IQ and it is a serious problem in the US. Guess where poor people disproportionately live?
theconversation.com
www.vox.com
www.apmreports.org
www.chicagotribune.com
www.publichealth.columbia.edu
the leaded gas is distinctly linked to crime rates.Lead in inner cities really negatively impacts IQ and it is a serious problem in the US. Guess where poor people disproportionately live?
The surprising link between postwar suburban development and today’s inner-city lead poisoning
How did lead poisoning become a persistent threat in U.S. cities? Lead paint and slumlords played key roles, but so did postwar housing policies that trapped minorities in crumbling inner cities.It's not just Flint — every major American city has hazardous amounts of lead hurting kids
Decades-old leaded gasoline is still poisoning brains via contaminated soil.How the EPA has left Americans exposed to lead in drinking water
Millions of people still get water through lead pipes. For decades, lax EPA rules missed hazardous lead levels and allowed some utilities to remain indifferent. Today the Trump administration is rushing to finalize a plan that might make things worse.
Probably not unrelated that the high crime rate in Chicago relative to other major cities is probably related to the large amount of lead pipes:
Biden Calls for Chicago’s Lead Pipes to be Removed Within 10 Years, As Slow Roll Out Continues in Chicago
The $1 trillion bipartisan infrastructure bill includes $15 billion to fund lead service replacement efforts, and $3 billion will flow to states and cities in 2022, officials announced.news.wttw.com
One of the worst in the country.Brain-damaging lead found in tap water from most Illinois communities during the past 6 years, Tribune analysis finds
More than 8 of every 10 Illinoisans live in a community where brain-damaging lead was found in the tap water of at least one home during the past six years, a new Chicago Tribune analysis found. Th…
That's not even getting into air pollution:
Toxic Combination of Air Pollution and Poverty Lowers Child IQ
Children born to mothers experiencing economic hardship, who were also exposed during pregnancy to high levels of PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), scored significantly lower on IQ tests at age 7 compared with children born to mothers with greater economic security and less exposure to the...